PHEV的不切实际的期望

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李兰特科克勒•执行编辑
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The 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP26, recently convened in Scotland. Perhaps unsurprising to cynics, soon after COP26 came an analysis from the华盛顿邮报在温室气体国家之间发现他们发出的大量差距以及他们真正进入大气的东西。

这个所谓的温室间隙有很多方面，但其中一个有趣的项目涉及插入式混合动力车辆或PHEV。PHEV具有内燃机和电动机，像一个普通的混合动力车。但PHEV中的电池更大，允许PHEV进一步驾驶电力。但是汽车不能像常规混合动力车一样通过汽车充电。相反，您必须插入PHEV，以将其充电，如全面的EV一样。

PHEVs are claimed to put out less CO₂比普通的燃烧车。这为我们带来了测试运行运输与环境那a European environmental group, that reveal PHEVs pollute significantly more than carmakers claim. T&E says a big part of the problem is the use of weak electric motors and slow charging speeds. Worse, manufacturers challenged on these issues often blame the excessive CO₂对消费者驾驶习惯的产出。

一旦PHEV燃烧发动机启动，出现问题。PHEV在发动机模式下，测试的T＆E测试只能在发动机模式下驾驶约11至23公里（大约7到14英里）₂emissions per kilometer. T&E’s results also showed that even in optimal conditions, the tested PHEVs emitted 28 to 89% more CO₂than during EU regulatory tests. When the combustion engine kicked in, emissions were comparable or worse than equivalent combustion-engine cars.

T&E claims that regulatory tests “fail to account for real-world driving conditions where the engine may come on even if the driver has requested the car to drive electrically. They also use unrealistic assumptions on the share of electric kilometers driven by PHEVs which have been shown time and time again to not reflect their real world use. This allows manufacturers to claim unrealistically low CO₂emissions for these cars.”

T＆E看着现实世界的排放量为20,000 PHEV，而不是平均散发44克₂/ km（在实验室测试中到达的数字）大多数PHEV在路上驱动时，大多数PHEV都会在2.5倍上发射。T＆E还指出，即使对于短距离，PHEV也几乎不可能经常在零发光模式下驱动。

当然，额外的公司₂来自PHEV的需要燃烧汽油。这些结果可能有助于解释挪威的令人费解的情况，其中几乎三分之二的新车销售现在是某种EV。（在美国，大约2％的新车辆是EVS。）然而根据银行公司摩根斯坦利的一项研究，挪威的石油消费基本上一直稳定。并且通过扩展，我们可能会推断为挪威的公司₂emissions.

Norway’s experience doesn’t bode well for the likelihood of reducing worldwide CO₂输出。财富管理公司Evergreen Gavekalpoints out that though petroleum consumption in the developed world has largely flatlined over the past decade, China’s oil demand has vaulted by about six million barrels daily since 2010. And by 2031, an estimated one billion Asian consumers will work their way into the middle class and likely consume more energy than they do today.

Evergreen Gavekal further says that despite the exponential growth of renewables over the last 10 years, every fossil fuel category has seen increased usage. And even if China gets up to Norway’s 64% EV market share of new car sales over the next decade, it will probably use a lot more oil, not less.

Taken together, these developments imply it pays to be skeptical about the headlines coming out of COP26 touting lower CO₂emissions. DW