由迈克尔•Boudreau P.Eng。,一个pplication Engineering Manager
As a relatively young technology, and with their initial applications being in heavy industries such as injection molding, roller screws are often considered to be best suited for applications where they replace hydraulic cylinders or other high-load drive mechanisms.
And, yes, some roller screw designs are ideal for heavy-duty applications, but roller screws also provide solutions to other design challenges, such as the need for precise, sub-micron positioning or for special nut designs and customer-specified materials.
在这里，我们将查看四个滚子螺钉设计，解释它们独特的操作原理和性能特性，并提供各种滚子螺杆卓越的应用的示例。
Planetary roller screws: The “workhorses” of the roller screw family
这行星滚子螺丝设计使用五个主要成分 - 螺丝，螺母，卫星滚轮，同步齿轮和导戒。引导环和同步齿轮位于螺母的每个端部，每个辊的端部具有圆柱形枢轴和齿轮齿。
这pivots of the rollers are mounted in the holes of the guide rings, which keeps the rollers equidistant. The gear teeth on the ends of the rollers engage with the synchronizing gears, guiding the rollers parallel to the axis of the screw. Careful design geometry and precise manufacturing ensure there is no axial movement between the rollers and the nut.
这se very stable kinematics allow planetary roller screws to achieve higher speeds and accelerations than ball screws and ensure that the screw continues to function even under adverse operating conditions. And the use of rollers to support the load gives roller screws higher load capacities and better rigidity than similarly sized ball screws, with the same or similar efficiencies.
Inverted roller screws: Invert the nut, customize the shaft
In theinverted roller screwdesign, the synchronizing gear is cut directly into the shaft, which allows the nut to have a smaller outer diameter than the nut of a planetary assembly with the same size screw shaft. And the inverted design typically has three starts, whereas a standard planetary roller screw typically has five or six starts. With fewer starts, the inverted design can use a larger thread form and, in turn, provide higher load capacity than a standard planetary design.
Because the screw shaft of an inverted roller screw is only threaded for a section equal to the length of the rollers, the rest of the shaft can be customized, making inverted screws ideal for integration into systems such as linear actuators.
在线性致动器中的倒辊螺钉。礼貌Diakont.
循环辊螺钉：精确定位，低扭矩
Recirculating roller screwsare designed specifically for small, precise movements with high rigidity and for applications where the available motor torque is limited.
一个循环辊scre的核心组件w are the same as those used in the planetary roller screw. But the rollers in a recirculating roller screw have circular grooves (no helix angle), rather than the threads found on traditional rollers.
这rollers are held in a cage with slots that are slightly longer than the roller length. Because the rollers are grooved rather than threaded, when the screw shaft turns, the rollers move axially in the nut, along the length of the slotted cage. This axial movement means the rollers need to be recirculated. Once a roller makes a complete revolution around the screw shaft, cams at each end of the nut disengage the roller from the screw shaft and return it to its initial position, but advanced by the amount of the screw lead.
再循环设计只需要单个或双启动螺纹，这意味着它可以用非常精细或分数毫米的引线制造，例如0.25mm - 即使对于大螺杆直径。并且较小的铅意味着较低所需的输入扭矩。这使得再循环辊螺杆适用于需要精确定位的应用，例如磨削设备，半导体制造和镜头聚焦。
RVR再循环辊螺钉用于超高A真空晶片处理机器人，实现+/-2μm定位精度。礼貌相信自动化
差动滚子螺钉: Sub-micron positioning
差动滚子螺钉如此命名，因为它们根据内部组件之间的差分运动操作。该差速器使得可以具有极小的引线或线性行进距离，用于螺钉的每次旋转。多么小？差动滚子螺钉可具有小至0.03mm的导线。当与线性刻度一起使用时，它们可以精确地以小于0.001 mm的增量移动。
差动滚子螺钉combine sub-micron positioning with the ability to provide high thrust forces and rigidity. Differential designs also have high efficiency, which allows them to be backdriven. This unique combination of performance characteristics makes them well-suited for specialty designs, such as high-precision scientific equipment and satellites.
An RVD differential roller screw is used as part of an electron beam bending assembly within the Swiss Light Source SLS. Courtesy of thePSI研究所
Which roller screw technology is right for you?
行星滚子螺钉适合各种应用，需要高速，高负载能力和高刚性。倒辊螺钉提供相同的益处，但具有更好的力量与尺寸的比例和容易定制螺杆轴的能力，使其成为致动器和其他线性运动系统的理想选择。
Recirculating roller screws offer micron-level positioning capabilities for applications where both positioning accuracy and rigidity are critical. And differential roller screws offer the unique combination of sub-micron positioning, good thrust force, and high rigidity for the most challenging, high-precision applications.
具有多种设计变化 - 从行星到差分类型 - 滚子螺钉可以解决广泛的应用要求。但所有这些变化都有两个共同的东西：高推力能力和高刚性。
作为自1970年以来的滚轮螺杆技术的专家，rollvis.manufactures planetary, inverted, recirculating, and differential roller screws, with a highly skilled workforce and the most modern equipment available. Our roller screws are the preferred choice in the most demanding, complex applications – from industrial presses to semiconductor manufacturing and space-based telescopes.
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