Access to clean water remains one of the biggest challenges facing humankind. A breakthrough by engineers at The University of Texas at Austin may offer a new solution through solar-powered technology that absorbs moisture from the air and returns it as clean, usable water.
突破,在最近的一期期刊上描述Advanced Materials, could be used in disaster situations, water crises or poverty-stricken areas and developing countries. The technology relies on hydrogels, gel-polymer hybrid materials designed to be “super sponges” that can retain large amounts of water.
A research team led byGuihua Yuin UT Austin’s Cockrell School of Engineering combined hydrogels that are both highly water absorbent and can release water upon heating. This unique combination has been successfully proved to work in humid and dry weather conditions and is crucial to enabling the production of clean, safe drinking water from the air.
大气中估计有50,000立方公里的水,该新系统可以利用这些储量,并有可能导致小型,廉价和便携式过滤系统。
“我们已经开发了一个完全被动的系统,您需要做的就是将水凝胶留在外面,它将收集水,” YU团队的博士后研究员Fei Zhao说。“收集的水将保持在水凝胶中,直到将其暴露于阳光下。在天然阳光下约五分钟后,水释放出来。”
这项技术建立在Yu和Zhao的2018年突破性基础上,他们使用水凝胶开发了一种太阳能净化的水纯化创新,该水凝胶仅使用太阳能清洗任何来源的水。该团队的新创新通过使用已经存在于气氛中的水来进一步发展。对于基于水凝胶的技术,YU和他的研究团队开发了一种结合具有吸湿性(吸水)质量和热反应性亲水性(在简单加热时释放水的能力)的材料。
“The new material is designed to both harvest moisture from the air and produce clean water under sunlight, avoiding intensive energy consumption,” said Yu, an associate professor of materials science and mechanical engineering.
从水分中收集水并不是一个新概念。大多数冰箱通过蒸气冷凝过程使情况保持凉爽。但是,普通冰箱需要大量能量来执行该动作。UT团队的技术仅需要太阳能,紧凑,仍然可以产生足够的水以满足普通家庭的日常需求。原型测试显示,每天的水生产每公斤高达50升水凝胶。
该技术代表了改进当今使用大气水采集技术的新型策略,该技术还可以取代现有的太阳能净水系统或其他吸收水分的技术中的核心组件。
Yu和他的团队已提交专利,YU正在与UT的技术商业化办公室合作,介绍了这种创新的水凝胶类别的许可和商业化。该研究由阿尔弗雷德·P·斯隆基金会,卡米尔和亨利·德雷福斯基金会和国家科学基金会资助。
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