德克萨斯大学奥斯汀天文学家安德鲁·曼恩(Andrew Mann)及其同事在附近的一个恒星集群中发现了一个行星,这可以帮助天文学家更好地了解行星的形成和发展方式。K2-25B行星的发现使用了开普勒太空望远镜和大学的麦当劳天文台,并在最近的一期发表中发表天体物理杂志。
行星轨道红矮人明星,比太阳小的明星小。红色矮人是我们银河系中最丰富的恒星。这颗星星位于Hyades Star Cluster中,最接近开放star cluster人间。它的星星很年轻,所以他们的星球也必须年轻。
“Open clusters are powerful tools as all the stars formed with the same age and composition,” Mann said. Once many planets are found orbiting young cluster stars, “we can compare those to planets orbiting older stars elsewhere to see if they are different in some fundamental way—to see how planets change with time.”
For instance, he said, if planets orbitingyoung stars比他们的老年人更远,这表明行星一生都在迁移。它们可能形成更远的地方并向内迁移。与我们自己的太阳系不同,许多超级行星系统的巨大行星绕着它们的恒星绕着它们。这种研究可以检验行星迁移的理论。
After finding many more examples of planets orbiting young stars, “we can put numbers on this,” Mann said. “This could even give us a glimpse into what our solar system looked like” in the past.
The planet in the Hyades is four times the size of Earth, or about the size of Neptune. Compared to almost all other planets found orbiting红矮人stars, it’s extremely large. “Almost all of those are less than twice the size of Earth,” Mann said.
该星球为其父颗恒星的大尺寸表明,地球可能具有浮肿的氢和氦气气氛。他说,随着时间的流逝,恒星的辐射可能会慢慢剥离这种气氛。
“这可能对我们对行星发展的理解有重大影响,包括地球样行星,因为我们需要知道一个行星在一定的条件下能够保持气氛的程度,以说出它仍然可居住了多长时间。”
Amateur astronomers Thomas Jacobs and Daryll LaCourse found this planet candidate in the freely available K2 data from the Kepler space telescope’s extended mission. They contacted Mann, who followed up the tip by observing this red dwarf star with the new IGRINS instrument on the 2.7-meter Harlan J. Smith Telescope at McDonald Observatory.
“Youngstars没有像Igrins这样的事情很难跟进。”曼恩说。因为它是红色矮人,所以恒星很酷,需要以高光谱分辨率的红外光进行研究。该乐器的高分辨率使天文学家可以排除恒星具有恒星伴侣而不是轨道行星的机会。这也有助于确认恒星是夏季群集的成员,通过测量恒星的速度并确保与群集的速度相匹配。
提交以下:Aerospace + defense
