天文学家如何确定无法拍照的物体的形状?一种方法是使用SpectroPolorimetry,这是一种观察技术,该技术可以测量光波在空间中的气体和灰尘云中散布后的对齐方式。
半波光谱仪(HPOL)是威斯康星州天文学家肯尼斯·诺德西克(Kenneth Nordsieck)博士设计的一种仪器,以进行这些测量。
During HPOL’s 15-year lifetime at the威斯康星大学的松布悬崖天文台(PBO),全世界的天文学家使用HPOL的数据来研究行星,彗星,恒星和超新星的气体和尘埃,以及我们银河系中的星际介质。
HPOL的专业是可变星,其特性随着时间的流逝而变化,因为喷发,脉动或与同伴的相互作用。研究此类物体需要在长时间内连续监视它们。
HPOL made this kind of monitoring possible with its dedicated and continuous operation at the 0.9-m PBO telescope outside Madison, WI. Unfortunately, it ceased operations at PBO in 2004 after several equipment failures.
In 2007, astronomers from theUniversity of Wisconsin, the University of Toledo, the University of Denver, and the University of Oklahoma teamed up to bring HPOL out of retirement and move it to Toledo, OH.
A Toledo group led by Dr. James Davidson, Dr. Karen Bjorkman, and Dr. Jon Bjorkman installed new components, upgraded the control software, and mounted HPOL on the 1-m telescope at the University of Toledo’s Ritter Observatory.
财团成员随后对升级工具在其新位置的性能进行了广泛的研究;他们的结果出现在最近的一期Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation(Davidson et al. 2014, JAI, 03, 1450009).
他们使用新的HPOL获得了对极化标准恒星的多次观察,这与PBO上的可比观察结果非常吻合。在某些情况下,尽管在更城市的托莱多地区,仪器的测量不确定性甚至比以前更小,但仪器的测量不确定性甚至更小。
“I’m delighted with the results from the new HPOL,” said Dr. Jennifer Hoffman, an astronomer at the University of Denver, consortium member, and co-author on the JAI study. “Having this instrument available again opens up exciting new possibilities for astronomers who use spectropolarimetry, especially those of us who study variable or transient objects.”
翻新工具的第一个新科学结果最近发表在天文学和天体物理学上(Lomax等,2015,A&A,573,A43)。HPOL现在在Ritter天文台完全运行;该财团欢迎天文学界的目标建议。
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