Led by Young Duck Kim, a postdoctoral research scientist in James Hone’s group at Columbia Engineering, a team of scientists from Columbia, Seoul National University (SNU), and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) reported today that they have demonstrated — for the first time — an on-chip visible light source using graphene, an atomically thin and perfectly crystalline form of carbon, as a filament.
它们将小条石墨烯与金属电极附着,悬浮在基板上方的条带,并通过细丝通过电流,使它们加热。该研究,“来自石墨烯的明亮可见光排放”在推出的在线出版物(AOP)上发表了自然纳米技术在6月15日的网站。
“我们已经创造了基本上是世界上最薄的灯泡,”哥伦比亚工程与研究协调人员机械工程教授磨牙。“这种新型的”宽带“发光发射器可以集成到芯片中,并将为实现原子薄,灵活和透明的显示器和基于石墨烯的上芯片光通信的方式铺平道路。
在芯片表面上的小结构中产生光对于开发与Light的完全集成的“光子”电路产生目前在半导体集成电路中的电流进行的最重要的。研究人员制定了许多方法来做到这一点,但尚未能够将最古老和最简单的人造光源 - 白炽灯泡 - 进入芯片上。
这主要是因为灯泡长丝必须非常热 - 数千摄氏度 - 为了在可见范围内发光,微尺寸金属线不能承受这种温度。此外,在微观尺寸下,从热灯丝到周围环境的热传递极其有效,使得这种结构不切实际并且导致周围芯片的损坏。
通过测量石墨烯发出的光的光谱,该团队能够表明石墨烯达到2500摄氏度高于2500摄氏度的温度,足以呈现出亮相。‘The visible light from atomically thin graphene is so intense that it is visible even to the naked eye, without any additional magnification,’ explains Young Duck Kim, first and co-lead author on the paper and postdoctoral research scientist who works in Hone’s group at Columbia Engineering.
有趣的是,发射光的光谱在特定波长下显示出峰值,该团队发现的是由于直接从石墨烯和反射硅基板的光发射并通过石墨烯而发射的光之间的干涉。Kim Notes,'这只是可能的,因为石墨烯是透明的,与任何传统的灯丝不同,并且我们允许我们通过改变到基板的距离来调谐发射光谱。
石墨烯在不熔化基板的情况下实现这种高温的能力是由于另一个有趣的特性:在加热时,石墨烯成为热的较差的热量。这意味着高温局限于中心的小“热点”。
‘At the highest temperatures, the electron temperature is much higher than that of acoustic vibrational modes of the graphene lattice, so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission,’ Myung-Ho Bae, a senior researcher at KRISS and co-lead author, observes. ‘These unique thermal properties allow us to heat the suspended graphene up to half of temperature of the sun, and improve efficiency 1000 times, as compared to graphene on a solid substrate.’
该团队还通过实现了大规模的化学 - 蒸汽沉积(CVD)石墨烯光发射器来证明了它们技术的可扩展性。
Yun Daniel Park, professor in the department of physics and astronomy at Seoul National University and co-lead author, notes that they are working with the same material that Thomas Edison used when he invented the incandescent light bulb: ‘Edison originally used carbon as a filament for his light bulb and here we are going back to the same element, but using it in its pure form — graphene — and at its ultimate size limit — one atom thick.’
该组目前正在努力进一步表征这些设备的性能 - 例如,可以打开和关闭它们的快速以创建光通信的“比特” - 以及将它们集成到柔性基板中的技术。
磨练,'我们刚开始梦想这些结构的其他用途 - 例如,可以在一秒钟的一小部分中可以在千分之一升至数千度以研究高温化学反应或催化作用的微热。
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