Credit: Lillian Gipson (NASA)
坐在纽约市，抬头看着晴朗的六月天空，我想知道我是否盯着濒临灭绝的现象。根据无人飞机系统（UAS）行业的许多人的说法，全国各地的Skylines很快将充满飞行汽车，四轮驱动器交付，紧急无人机和其他机器人飞行器。通用电气（GE）上周宣布，Airxos是“下一代无人交通”管理系统的推出，通用电气（GE）越来越接近这一机械引起的朦胧未来。
管理国家领空（NAS）已经成为政治足球，特朗普政府提议将联邦航空管理局（FAA）空气控制部门私有化，从而使其控制者劳动力享受了15,000名政府的书籍。白宫认为，这将使FAA能够现代化并采用“ NextGen”技术来加快商业航空旅行。
尽管该预算订单项目在国会大厅中进行了辩论，但FAA内部的一个确定性是NAS必须扩大以增加商业和娱乐量增加的空间，其中大多数将是没有人的。
Ken Stewart, the General Manager of AiRXOS, boasts, “We’re addressing the complexity of integrating unmanned vehicles into the national airspace. When you’re thinking about getting a package delivered to your home by drone, there are some things that need to be solved before we can get to that point.”
The first step for the new division of GE is to pilot the system in a geographically-controlled airspace. To accomplish this task, DriveOhio’s UAS Center invested millions in the GE startup. Accordingly, the first test deployment of AiRXOS will be conducted over a 35-mile stretch of Ohio’s Interstate 33 by placing sensors along the road to detect and report on air traffic.
GE said this trial will lay the foundation for the UAS industry. As Alan Caslavka, president of Avionics at GE Aviation, explains: “AiRXOS is addressing the rapid changes in autonomous vehicle technology, advanced operations, and in the regulatory environment. We’re excited for AiRXOS to help set the standard for autonomous and manned aerial vehicles to share the sky safely.”
AIRXOS：无人机的Waze
斯图尔特异想天开地称他的新空中交通管制平台Waze为无人机。像流行的导航应用程序一样，AIRXOS为无人机操作员提供实时飞行计划数据，以自动避免障碍物，其他飞机和围绕恶劣天气的路线。该公司还计划与FAA集成，以简化与该机构的监管通信。斯图尔特（Stewart）解释说，这将加快今天的授权，“很难获得[请求]批准，因为FAA没有收集足够的数据来决定是否安全。”
NASA is a key partner in counseling the FAA in integrating commercial UAS into the NAS. Charged with removing the “technical and regulatory barriers that are limiting the ability for civil UAS to fly in the NAS” is Davis Hackenberg of NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center. Last year, we invited Hackenberg to present his UAS vision to RobotLabNYC. Hackenberg shared with the packed audience NASA’s multi-layered approach to parsing the skies for a wide-range of aircrafts, including: high altitude long endurance flights, commercial airliners, small recreational craft, quadcopter inspections, drone deliveries and urban aerial transportation.
美国联邦航空局（FAA）最近制定了一项新的法规，该法规规定，所有飞机都在2020年1月1日之前配备了自动依赖性监视广播（ADS-B）系统。FAA称此类设备为“基础NextGen技术，可以使用基于卫星的位置，基于卫星的位置，基础Nextgen技术来改变飞机的监视，从本质上讲，将人类的工艺传达给地面上的计算机，很可能是在天空中。许多人认为，这是朝着实现商业UAS行业期待已久的承诺的关键一步，该行业具有自主视觉飞行的自主性。
ADS-B不是治愈的
我本周与Hackenberg有关AIRXOS和新FAA指南的消息进行了跟进。他解释说：“对于在ADS-B环境中运行的飞机，仍需要完成有关位置和高度（以及潜在意图）的合作交换，以验证基于风险的安全案例所需的准确性和可靠性。”
Hackenberg继续描述ADS-B如何帮助低海拔任务。“对于在许多飞机没有传输位置和海拔高度的环境中运行的飞机（非转让机配备飞机），为DAA [检测和避免]和C2 [命令和控制系统]开发低成本/重量/功率解决方案对于对确保无人飞机可以与所有交通保持安全距离。最后，非常低的海拔环境（包装交付和航空出租车）将需要类似的DAA/C2解决方案的重要技术开发，并获得更多认证（例如，应对危险天气状况的车辆）。”
然后，副项目经理与我分享了他对未来的看法。“在接下来的五年中，无人机交付的引入将取得重大进步。天空不会“黑暗”，但可能会为该国许多地区，尤其是主要城市提供半公路服务。我还相信，至少有一些主要城市使用航空出租车服务，使用10年地平线内的驾驶车辆。在初始阶段让飞行员入职可能是收集足够数据以证明未来安全案件合理的至关重要的垫脚石。然后希望很快就会有几个城市拥有完全自主的出租车服务。”
在与Uberair一起飞行出租车之前？
Last month, Uber ambitiously declared at its Elevate Summit that its ride-hail program will begin shuttling humans by 2023. Uber plans to deploy electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) vehicles throughout major metropolitan areas. “Ultimately, where we want to go is about urban mobility and urban transport, and being a solution for the cities in which we operate,” says Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi.
Uber has been cited by many civil planners as the primary cause for increased urban congestion. Its eVTOL plan, called uberAIR, is aimed at alleviating terrestrial vehicle traffic by offsetting commutes with autonomous air taxis that are centrally located on rooftops throughout city centers.
Uberair的第一个测试地点之一将是德克萨斯州达拉斯 - 沃思。Tom Prevot, Uber’s Director of Engineering for Airspace Systems, describes the company’s effort to design a Dynamic Skylane Networks of virtual lanes for its eVTOLs to travel: “We’re designing our flight paths essentially to stay out of the scheduled air carriers’ flight paths initially. We do want to test some of these concepts of maybe flying in lanes and flying close to each other but in a very safe environment, initially.”
To accomplish these objectives, Prevot’s group signed a Space Act Agreement with NASA to determine the requirements for its aerial ride-share network. Using Uber’s data, NASA is already simulating small-passenger flights around the Texas city to identify potential risks to an already crowded airspace.
在举办会议之后，媒体报道大肆宣传飞行出租车的内在到来。罗德尼·布鲁克斯（Rodney Brooks）（许多人认为是机器人技术的教父）用推文回答：“标题说'原型'，故事说'概念。这是一个很大的差异，也是愚蠢的媒体炒作的症状。真的！！！”美国联邦航空局代理管理员丹·埃尔韦尔（Dan Elwell）对技术的到来的速度更加柔和，“好吧，我们会看到……”
编者注：本周，我们将与民主党总统候选人安德鲁·杨（Andrew Yang）和纽约州议会议员克莱德·货车（Clyde Vanel）一起探索无人系统的监管机器人论坛关于纽约市的“自动化政治”。
提交以下：汽车，，，，机器人报告
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